The effect of oscillating pumping regimes at the bank filtration site in Berlin Tegel is examined via a scenario based modelling study. Several scenarios for the pumping regimes are calculated, some adopted from the operation of the plant by the Berlin Water Works (BWB), some hypothetical with a regular oscillating regime. Two of these are presented here. A horizontal 2D model of the lower aquifer is set-up, in which the third type boundary condition is used to mimic the influence of an irregularly shaped till layer, overlying the main aquifer. Model results in form of flowpaths are presented for several pumping scenarios. They reveal that there is a substantial influence of the pumping regime on the flowpaths in the vicinity of the well gallery, while in the far field, including the bank of the surface water body (here: Lake Tegel) the oscillating effect is rather small. It depends very much on the infiltration position on the bank, whether traveltime through the aquifer changes as effect of oscillating pumping regime.

The spatial distribution of confining layers within a system of two aquifers strongly affects the hydraulics and sensitivity to pollution. The test site is located close to a well field. Wells are switched with short intervals and hydraulic heads are recorded in several observation wells. Because the absolute levels of simulated hydraulic heads do not always coincide with the measurements, the model is calibrated with short term head variations. The characteristic shape of the hydraulic heads at each observation wells contains sensitive information about the structure of the aquifer. A numerical technique is developed which enables to simulate the spatial distribution of the confining layer. The method comprises the use of pilot points and regularisation technique. Cross validation is carried out in order to show the results are physically based. The method is shown to provide significant results even under non optimal conditions.

Since the 1970s we know about the idea of real-time control of urban drainage systems. Anyway, global real-time control strategies still show a lack of implementation for large drainage systems of high complexity. In Berlin, Germany, a city of 3.5 million inhabitants covering an area of around 900 km², the demand for enhanced protection of the environment and the growing economic pressure have led to an increasing application of control assets and concepts within the sewage system. In the framework of the project “Integrated Sewage Management” the possibilities of a global and integrated control strategy for the Berlin system are examined. The paper is focused on the historical concept and design of the sewerage and the further improvement towards an environment-oriented system that builds the basis for today’s considerations. The operational method and functionality of local regulators that have already been implemented are described. Further more the model-based methodology for the analysis of the system and the development of global control concepts as well as results of system analysis are stated. On the basis of model simulations it is shown that a global coordination of pump stations can lead to a reduction of sewer overflows and consequently to an enhanced water protection.

The paper introduces an algorithm for a level dependent real-time control of sewage pump stations and states results from its evaluation based on a spectrum of simulations for three different catchments of the Berlin drainage system. The objective of the control function is to smooth the delivery of the pumps towards the wastewater treatment plant during storm weather events by throttling the flow and implicitly activating inline retention capacities of the sewer networks. The article comprises the definition and functioning of the control concept as well as operational constraints and boundary conditions and the derivation of optimal control parameters. The simulation-based evaluation of the concept shows that it is possible to manage available inline storage volume by applying the control function. However, only if an adequate retention volume of around 50.0 m³/ha Aimp or more is available a significant improvement of the flow characteristic towards the wwtp is possible.

Due to the sensitive situation of watercourses in the urban area of Berlin the water authorities have set special conditions for discharge especially from combined sewer overflows. To meet the legal requirements a central task is to reduce the pollutant load discharged into receiving waters and for this purpose the intelligent utilisation of the available capacities of the entire waste water system. Measures of local real-time control have already been implemented in the Berlin drainage system. This paper is focusing on the potential of an additional superior global control concept. Comparative simulations for three interconnected subsystems are carried out to evaluate different operational alternatives.

Since the adoption of the European Water Framework Directive of 1991, the discharges of urban rainwater have to be reduced as much as possible. This theme is very sensitive in Berlin due to its drinking water supply system. The Integrated Sewage Management (ISM) project aims to improve the sewage system management, in order to reduce discharges and cut costs. The project is based on the modelling of the different parts of the system. This should lead to a global view of the way, how the system works and the implementation of a decision help tool for the operators of the Berlin Water Societies. A general description of ISM project and Berlin is followed by a presentation of Infoworks CS™. The building and calibration of Berlin V and XII models are explained and a last part presents tests of different ways to reduce rainwater discharges.

L'Erdre, rivière de l'ouest de la France, a subi ces dernières années une prolifération massive de cyanobactéries, avec des répercussions négatives sur les activités touristiques étant donné le danger potentiel pour la santé humaine lié au rejet de toxines. A la demande de l'établissement public territorial "Entente pour le Développement de l'Erdre Navigable", E.D.E.N., un consortium de spécialistes (SETUDE, Anjou Recherche, KWB, UBA, Bi-Eau, BCEOM, Eco-Environnement Ingénierie) a participé à une étude détaillée sur l’équilibre écologique de l’Erdre, la croissance des cyanobactéries ainsi que le relargage de toxines, afin de développer des stratégies pour limiter ce phénomène. Au sein de ce consortium, le Centre de Compétence des Eaux de Berlin (KompetenzZentrum Wasser Berlin gGmbH, KWB) et l'Agence Fédérale de l'Environnement d’Allemagne (Umweltbundesamt, UBA) ont réalisé des travaux de recherche en laboratoire. Le projet a été mené de fin 2002 à début 2004 par les partenaires scientifiques français et allemands. Les expériences en laboratoire réalisées par les deux partenaires à Berlin ont pour but d’identifier l’influence de trois facteurs sur le développement des cyanobactéries et la libération de leurs toxines : l’impact d’une limitation en nutriments (azote, phosphore), l’influence de la vitesse d’écoulement, et le rôle des sédiments. L’étude porte sur la cyanobactérie filamenteuse Planktothrix agardhii et la toxine microcystine, qui prédominent dans l’Erdre.